Abstract:The Shawshank Redemption, adapted from Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption，is the masterpiece of Steven King. The theme of the novella is institutionalization, called systemizing, which has a great impact on every human being. Everyone has a Shawshank prison in his inner heart—the system, which is the glacial bar iron, imprisoning your gift, talent and freedom. Institutionalization can be classified into two kinds, physical and psychological institutionalizations. The latter has much more impact on human beings as it can destroy willingness of people.
This thesis focuses on analyzing experiences of three representative characters of the work so as to demonstrate the influences of institutionalization on individuals. The three major characters, Red, Brookside and Andy Dufresne, respectively stand for different degrees of institutionalization. By analyzing the different degrees of their psychological independence on the prison system, this thesis sheds some new light on institutionalization and encourages a profound reflection on our own survival condition in reality.
Key Words: The Shawshank Redemption; institutionalization; psychological dependence
摘要:《肖申克的救赎》改编自史蒂芬·金的代表作，《丽塔·海华兹与肖申克的救赎》。其主题是人的制度化，亦称为体制化。制度化对每个人都有着极大的影响，就像每个人心中都有一座肖申克监狱，在那里冰冷的铁条囚禁着人的天赋，抑制人的才华，摧毁人的自由。制度化分为两类，一种是身体上的限制，另一种是心理上对体制的依赖，而后者往往对人有着更重大的影响，因为它对人的意志与精神有着毁灭性的作用。
本论文通过着重分析小说中三个代表人物的经历，揭示出制度化对个人的影响。瑞德，布鲁斯基和安迪这三个角色分别代表了不同程度的制度化。通过分析他们对监狱体制不同程度的心理依赖，为理解制度化这一状态提供了新的见解，并最终促使读者对现实中自身的生存状态进行深刻的反思。
关键词:《肖申克的救赎》；制度化；心理依赖
