摘 要：本研究采用陈会昌气质量表，对两所小学四年级249名学生进行测量，从中选取121名典型气质的学生为研究对象，进行口语交际能力的测试。结果显示：(1)混合型气质四年生数明显多于典型气质四年生数，典型气质的人数分布为：多血质﹥粘液质﹥胆汁质﹥抑郁质；(2)不同气质类型的四年生口语交际能力存在极其显著的差异；(3)多血质四年生的口语交际能力显著高于其他三种气质的四年生；(4)粘液质四年生的口语交际能力显著高于胆汁质、抑郁质的四年生，但是粘液质四年生的口语交际能力显著低于多血质的四年生；(5)胆汁质四年生的口语交际能力显著高于抑郁质的四年生，但是胆汁质四年生的口语交际能力显著低于多血质、粘液质的四年生；(6)抑郁质四年生的口语交际能力显著低于其他三种气质的四年生。
[关键词] 四年级小学生； 气质类型； 口语交际能力
Abstract： 249 students in Grade 4 of two primary schools were measured according the Huichang Chen Temperament Scale, 121 typical temperament of the students were selected as the research object to be involved in the test about the spoken language communication ability, thus to explore Grade 4 schoolchildren’s temperament types and its relationship with oral communication ability. the study found: (1)Hybrid temperament of the number of the students in Grade 4 is significantly more than the typical temperament of the number of the students in Grade 4, and the distribution for the number of typical temperament is: sanguineous temperament﹥phlegmatic temperament﹥choleric temperament﹥melancholic temperament. (2) Different temperament types of Grade 4 students' oral communication ability is extremely significant difference. (3) The sanguineous temperament of Grade 4 students’ oral communication ability is significantly higher than the other three temperament of Grade 4 students. (4) The Phlegmatic temperament of Grade 4 students’ oral communication ability is significantly higher than choleric temperament’s and melancholic temperament’s, but the Phlegmatic temperament of Grade 4 students’ oral communication ability significantly is lower than the sanguineous temperament of Grade 4 students’. (5) The choleric temperament of Grade 4 students’ oral communication ability is significantly higher than melancholic temperament’s, but the choleric temperament of Grade 4 students’ oral communication ability is significantly lower than the sanguineous temperament and phlegmatic temperament Grade 4 students’. (6) The melancholic temperament of Grade 4 students’ oral communication ability is significantly lower than the other three temperament of Grade 4 students.
Key words：Grade 4 Primary School students；temperament types; oral communication ability
