摘要
随着工业的不断发展,大量人为排放的温室气体正引起人类的广泛关注。据世界气象组织(WMO)与联合国环境规划署(UNEP)建立的政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)的研究报告,大气中CO2的平均体积分数已由工业革命前的2×10-2%增加到1994年的3.56×10-2%,并正以每年1.50%的速率增加。而且有继续恶化的趋势,因为据1995年IPCC发表的“business as usual”报告,全球CO2排放量将从1997年的7.4×109t增加到2100年的7.7×1010t,CO2体积分数将达到7.50×10-2%,是工业革命前的2倍。而据1998年世界能源委员会和国际应用系统分析研究所(WEC/IIASA)的报告,即使努力发展核能、太阳能等无碳能源或尽可能减少一些不必要的能源需求,在2050年化石燃料仍将占主要能源的50%,其总量仍将是1990年排放总量的2倍左右。如果这一现象继续下去,将会对全球气候、生态及人类生存等诸多方面造成极为不利的影响。
虽然制定了相关的政策措施,但是根据1995年IPCC第一工作组的建议,只有将温室气体的排放控制在1990年排放量的40%,才能从根本上控制大气中CO2浓度的增加,对全球温室效应起到抑制作用。
关键词：二氧化碳储存 地质储存 温室气体
Abstract
As the industry continues to develop, a large number of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases is causing widespread concern in humans. According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) study, the average atmospheric CO2 concentration from pre-industrial 2× 10-2% increase to 1994, 3.56 × 10-2%, and an annual 1.5 percent rate of increase. And the trend has continued to deteriorate, because it was published in 1995 IPCC "business as usual" report, the global CO2 emissions from 1997 7. 4 ×109 t increased to 2100 7. 7 × 1010 t, CO2 volume Score will reach 7.50 × 10-2%, is 2 times before the industrial revolution. According to the 1998 World Energy Council and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (WEC / IIASA) report, even if the efforts to develop nuclear energy, solar and other carbon-free energy or to minimize unnecessary energy demand, fossil fuels will continue in 2050 50% of total primary energy, its total emissions in 1990 will continue to be about 2 times. If this phenomenon continues, will be on the global climate, ecology and other aspects of human existence an extremely negative impact. Although the development of relevant policies and measures, but according to the 1995 IPCC Working Group's recommendations, only the control of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 40% of emissions in order to fundamentally control the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 on the global Inhibition of the greenhouse effect play.
Key Words：Carbon dioxide storage Geological storage Greenhouse gases
