摘要:“中国是一个中度缺水的国家”，水利部水资源司司长吴季松说,这是从水资源对社会经济发展的支撑能力上得出的判断。据统计，中国目前缺水总量估计为400亿立方米，每年受旱面积200万~260万平方千米，影响粮食产量150亿~200亿千克，影响工业产值2000多亿元，全国还有7000万人饮水困难。缺水对环境和人的身心健康都有着严重的影响。
现代生活中，随着人们生活水平的提高，人们对花卉、树木等绿色植物的喜爱和种植越来越多。如果不能根据植物正常生长所需要的光照、水分、温度来实时调节植物生长环境的参数，不利于花木的成长，而且现在的名贵花如果因为以上原因而死亡得不偿失，鉴于以上情况，市场上急需提供一种能够根据光照、温度、湿度及光照的变化自动将水分和及光补充给花木，达到定期、及时浇灌花木的花木自动浇灌器。
关键词: 组态 PLC控制 自动浇灌
Abstract:" China is a moderate water shortage in the country", the Ministry of Water Resources Water Resources Secretary Wu Jisong said, this is from the water resources on the development of society and economy support ability of judgment. According to statistics, China currently dry aggregates is estimated to be 40000000000cubic meters, annual drought area 2000000~ 2600000 square kilometers, affect the grain yield15000000000~ 200kilogram, affect the industrial output value of about 200000000000 yuan, the country has 70000000people drinking water problems. Water shortage on the environment and human health have serious influence.
In modern life, along with the improvement of people's living standard, people on the flowers, trees and other plants, and plant more and more trees. If not according to the normal growth of plants need light, moisture, temperature and real time regulation of plant growth and environmental parameters, is not conducive to the growth of flowers and trees, and now rare flower if the loss outweighs the gain. Due to the above reasons and death, in view of the above situation, the market is badly in need of a according to the illumination, temperature, humidity and light change automatic water and light supplement to achieve regular, timely watering flowers and trees, flowers and trees automatic watering device.
Keywords: Configuration PLC control Automatic irrigation
本系统多用于温室、露天农作物、森林，由于系统操作简单、实用性高，所以更容易得到花卉爱好者的钟爱。
现实生活中很多花卉温度、湿度和光照需要保持在一个既定的值上，超出或者低于这个预定值将对花卉的生长产生影响。该系统要求用PLC来实现花卉生长环境因子信息数据的实时采集、处理，而后输出控制执行机构，以实现环境湿度、温度和光照强度的测控，达到节水节能，省时省工的效果。具体功能如下:
1、实现按需灌溉功能。按照花卉的需求开启和关闭灌溉系统，实现一般的控制。具有结构简单，成本低，操作方便。
2、通过传感器检测花卉生长的环境温度、土壤湿度和光照强度，依据设定的植物要求的温度、湿度和光照强度的上下限值，由PLC来控制开关水泵、电磁阀和防晒电机，从而调节温度、湿度和光照。当空气温度高于上限值时，自动拉开防晒网进行自然降温，达到要求值时则自动收回。
3、露天农作物环境中土壤湿度是重要因子，要求当土壤含水量过低己不能满足花卉最低需求时，就打开电磁阀进行灌溉，当湿度满足要求是关闭电磁阀。
4、如果光照强度高于上限值时，拉开防晒网降低光照，如果光照强度低，收回防晒网。
